Mark each question T or F (True or False). Provide a brief answer (1 – 2 sentences) only to the False questions.
EX: Wampum are used as dinner meat? – FALSE, Wampum are …
1. Language is only one (1) way to convey a story or narrative for Native People.
2. Technology is not a method used by Native people to communicate.
3. There is no controversy surrounding the use of Native American mascots in sports.
4. The stereotypes of Native Americans as being “wild, savage, and, heathens” was only viewed in films.
5. There is no Native representation on the internet.
6. The current 2015 version of the Indian Arts and Crafts Law was put into affect in 1990.
7. NAGPRA only pertains to Indian tribes on the East coast. *Hint: See Lecture Notes*
8. Sovereignty is not expressed in art by Native People.
9. Disney films, such as “Pocahontas” and “The Indian in the Cupboard,” are true portraits of a real Native Americans. *Hint: See Lecture Notes.*
10. There is only one (1) way that Native people can, and do, represent themselves in contemporary media/art.
Section 2 – Short Answer. 2 – 3 complete sentences are required for each question. References Required for all answers.
4 points each [total of 40 points]
1. What is the meaning of the phrase “Issues in Flux”? Stated another way, what is the meaning behind the term “Cultures in Flux”? Both terms refer to the same artistic rhetoric.
2. What is the importance of the Native American Dance Theatre? How do they represent Native cultures? *Hint: See Lecture Notes – which includes a short video*
3. How did the Smithsonian Museum installation “Ramp It Up” portray contemporary Native culture(s)? *Hint: There is a short Youtube video included within the Lecture Notes*
4. What is the significance of the “No Doubt” video controversy?
5. What two (2) agencies are stated in the NAGPRA law?
6. How did TV affect the visibility of Native People in popular American culture?
7. What is the meaning of “Abo-digital” and how is this viewed for Native People within America?
8. List the four (4) Issues in Flux.
9. Is it possible for Native music to challenge the mis-representation of the Native American image? How and give at least one (1) example.
10. Who benefits from a Native film that is created, produced, and maintained by an all Native cast/crew? Is this an important step in the process/era of Native self-determination?
Section 3 – Essay Portion:References Required for all questions.
Select one (1) prompt from below to address for Section #3. The length of the essay response should be a minimum of one (1) full page of single spaced typed text. If the essay is double-spaced, two (2) full pages of typed text are required. As stated above, citations/references are a required part of the response. Students should completely address each sub-portion included in the question to satisfy this written portion.
40 points total
Please select from one (1) of the following:
1. Discuss and describe the Southwest Studio Style. Be sure to include some mention of the Native and non-Native individuals who helped shape this art style/technique.
2. Discuss the importance of James Earl Fraser’s “End of the Trail” sculpture. Why is this an important art work in Native history? What does it signify? What, if any, critiques have Native artists stated/presented about this work?
3. Review James Luna’s exhibit/performance rehearsal at the following website: http://www.nmai.si.edu/exhibitions/emendatio/
How does this multi-media presentation challenge stereotypes of Native People? What is Luna’s reason for creating this work? How does he balance the term “spectacle”? Be sure to include references and citations in the response.
4. What is the Chief Illiniwek, “No Doubt” video, Outcast ‘s “Hey Ya” MTV Music Awards controversy? Were these issues resolved? Why do these controversies continue to persist in popular American culture? How can mascoting be viewed as representing Native Americans? Are these portrait examples of non-Native American art representing Native culture?, How? Be sure to include references/citations in your answer.
