Abstract , high noise levels vector increased every day, Because of the rapid development of the world’s found that most countries are moving to Industrial equipment which, of course, issued nuisance, and causing a great noise to humans starting indoor within the air conditioners , washing machines , and outdoor such as car, and factories.
This papers idea is based on noise monitoring and its health impact , within indoor experiments. In trying to Propose new in door study to decrees noise, and Enriching hypertext analytic and statistical that can be used to limit noise effects. solve these problems totally is difficult especially civilized human life these days is impossible to dispense without cars, machines , air conditions , and so on.
These analysis study include the expansion of previous outdoor studies to include indoor as a new and unique study of its kind ,since it is raises the indoor point of view, and scientific research focus on outdoor noise and health impact.
With the information revolution on the mobility that include all fields, made from mobile devices do much of the work of other devices which saves a lot of time and effort and the most important of which is the Individuals health , this paper take advantage of modern technology to be used in urban indoor study to use mobile devices to monitor the noise.
- Background
In Canada, the Working Group on Environmental Noise of the Federal/Provincial Advisory Committee on Environmental and Occupational Health acknowledged that: Noise is more than just a nuisance since it constitutes a real and present danger to people’s health. Day and night, at work and at play, noise can produce serious physical and psychological stress. No one is immune to this stress. People appear to adjust to noise by ignoring it but the ear, in fact, never closes. The body at times still responds with extreme tension, such as to a strange sound in the night (Health and Welfare Canada, 1989) [1] . In 2000 a similar study in Netherlands concluded that exposure to noise constitutes a health risk, and there is sufficient scientific evidence that noise exposure can induce hearing impairment, hypertension and ischemic heart disease, annoyance, sleep disturbance, and decreased school performance. For other effects such as changes in the immune system and birth defects[4 ].Traditionally, much of the scientific studies has been based on outdoor exposures, here in another hand will cover the indoor , depending on current trend using smart mobile systems, IN 2010 a study by Nicolas Maisonneuve said that The establishment of a noise policy is complicated. It cannot be tackled by institutions alone [6] and needs the participation of the general public [7] , he justify that mobiles lower cost solution for the citizens to measure their personal exposure to noise in their everyday environment and participate . Nicolas Maisonneuve present a novel noise monitoring techniques and the superiority of mobile noise monitoring, as an example the “Hot spot” detection Strategic noise maps can only inform about expected noise levels generated by predefined sources of noise and are only updated every 5 years (END requirement). This makes it impossible to cover local variations, let alone accidental or short-term pollution peaks, for instance caused by construction sites, road works, traffic deviations, festivals, etc. High cost Creating strategic noise maps requires the use of expensive simulation software (and powerful computers to run it) as well as human expertise, “Sensor networks” ,and “Grassroots campaigns”, are also techniques with such a limitations. [5]
In 2009 Dr.Kanjo present NoiseSpy software to collect noise data study by Phone Platform for Noise Monitoring in Cambridge city, its shows that the mobile monitoring experiments is successful experience. Because many of the users enjoyed using app, which give a chance to easily ,and lower cost of collect a huge volume of data using such a mobile applications.[8]
In many countries monitoring and associated mitigation measures , is often a weak and discretionary process[9]. Switzerland experience provides examples of an approach to monitoring, Silvia Santini case study provides a NoiseTube, a project aimed at developing a participative outdoor noise pollution monitoring platform to enable citizens as well as governmental bodies and non-governmental organizations to gain awareness and insight into the problem of urban noise pollution[10].
Traffic noise problem were also explored in Saudi cities of Jeddah and Riyadh. These similarly confirmed that the intensity of noise levels exceeded set standards and limits of dissatisfaction [11, 12]. This raised the need to address noise pollution problems and particularly traffic noise in major local urban cities. It is essential to investigate the extent of traffic noise problems and to high-light the danger of environmental deteriorations that can be ensued and to explore the effectiveness of corrective and planning measures. A study case in city of Al-Khobar at 2009 as one of the major modern Saudi cities , explores these issues raised , measurements of traffic noise levels generally show levels in excess of 70 dBA at all locations. These levels are generally higher than accepted standard criteria of maximum permissible level of 60 dBA. As the demand
for more transportation anticipated in recent future due to the high growth
rate of population in the KSA will evidently worsen the pollution problem.[13]
- Noise Quality In Saudi Arabia
The presidency of meteorology and environment Issued General Environmental Law and Rules, to limit noise particularly when operating machinery and equipment and using horns and loudspeakers which should not exceed allowable environmental standard limits set forth in the rules for implementation. And coordinate and cooperate to develop and implement the environmental standards, criteria and guidelines for noise pollution and employ best available and possible means to control and reduce the noise level. Use technologies and equipment with low noise levels in new projects and upgrade technologies and equipment used in existing activities in order to attain allowable noise levels. [14]
There is an indoor study was conducted on a sample of 6 hospitals in Jeddah to investigate the status of noise pollution there. Overall, the levels of noise in the clinics, patient rooms, offices, waiting areas and corridors significantly exceed the recommended standard. The noise levels in the machinery rooms significantly exceed the levels in offices, waiting areas and corridors which, in turn, significantly exceed the levels in clinics and patient rooms. Background community noise has a little impact on indoor noise due to the construction characteristics of the hospitals’ buildings. However, “operational noise” from machinery and from the move of public (patients, attendants and employees) significantly contribute to indoor noise.[15]
- NOISE POLLUTION LEVELS USING MOBILE PHONES
this paper present a novel approach to monitor noise pollution involving the general public Using their mobile phones. phones applications as noise sensors, we provide a low cost solution for the citizens to measure their personal exposure to noise in their everyday environment and participate in the creation of massive data base. This will not restricts cities with limited budgets from conducting such assessments.
Participatory sensing [15] in this perspective phones can serve as mobile sensors which are carried by humans rather than placed at static locations, focusing on the assessment of indoor noise pollution in Riyadh , and urban areas, we provide analytical considerations and experimental results to show the feasibility of phone applications as sensor to be used in this context. Enabling citizens to measure their personal exposure to noise in their everyday environment by use mobile phones as noise sensors contribute to the collective noise mapping of cities. Our prototype, called NoiseSPY, will use in our experiments to gain awareness and insight into the problem of indoor noise pollution.
- Noise Criteria
An indoor environment quality criterion for noise is generally required to be maintained in order to protect human’s health and preserve the living environment. Saudi standard organization (SASO)[18] was contacted looking for outdoor and environmental noise criteria but was not able to provide any reference standard criteria ii indoor. It was evident, however, that no local Saudi standards describing the natural of noise criteria were available. Therefore, it was necessary to look at criteria used in other countries in order to consider appropriate guidelines to be used.[13]
- Conclusion ,and Future Work
we presented an indoor noise monitoring by mobile phone, a project goal is developing a participative indoor noise pollution monitoring platform to enable citizens as well as governmental bodies and non-governmental organizations to gain awareness and insight into the problem of urban noise pollution. This approach allows the empowerment of citizens in the pollution assessment by raising awareness about their environmental conditions through the use of their mobile phones. [5]
Finally we emphasized that as future work will collect data from hospitals, schools, homes, work, and The whole academic campus classes and offices; citizens will be main source of gather information by school students and hospital staff and university staff. While Android within various stages supporting near field communication technology, We will benefit of that by using it in identifying classes as future work , in which Will facilitate the process of data collection so that the Who collects the data does not need to enter information place ,instead he will only passes his mobile on tag in the door , then it is will be identified directly. As long as the available data not sufficient , the analytical study hasn’t be achieved , so as future work we will also give a details analytical study using professional tools , such as R , and wiki, to figure out standard divination and other statistical and analytical studies .
References:
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[18] Saudi Standards, Metrology and Quality Org
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