Psychology
Psychology involves the study of mind, and occurs partially through study of the human behavior. In the psychological study field, a professional researcher is known as the psychologist. The psychologists can be classified into different categories thus; the social scientist, cognitive scientist or the behavioral scientist. The role of the psychologists is to understand the responsibility of a human being’s mental and its social behavior .They also explore the psychological and neurobiological procedures, which inspire various cognitive functions (Rosenthal, 2009).
Psychologist’s researchers explore concepts such as cognition, perception, emotion, motivation, behavior, phenomenology, personality, and interpersonal relationships. Psychologists of varied stripe consider the unconscious mind of an individual. The field researchers take note of the empirical methods that understand the casual relationships of psychosocial variables. The clinical and psychotherapy psychologists rely upon symbolic interpretations. They rely on the natural and social sciences (Rosenthal, 2009). While the psychological knowledge is usually applied to treat mental health disorders, it can be argued that, it helps in the understanding and problem solving in various human activities. Many psychologists are implicated in therapeutic roles, clinical practices, school settings, and counseling. Many psychologists involve in scientific research works involving various topics ranging from mental processes, behavioral, to typical works in various universities psychology departments (Rosenthal, 2009).
Adverse effects/potential health consequences of ADHD Medications
ADHD also known as the Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder is a common disorder, which affects a person’s neurological behavior. The disorder is usually treated by the ADHD medications list. Children are greatly affected by the disorder, tagging them along into adult hood. In some cases, the adults are affected as having ADHD. The positive news is that, treatment is now available for patients. Currently, the ADHD medications list is on the rise to a better treatment of ADHD, however, the symptoms, and conditions such as bipolar disorder and depression usually accompany it (O’Dell, 2009). The majority of stimulant medicines help to in the treatment of ADHD. These medicines are effectual for all people. However, most research on how the medication reacts to the old people. Generally, stimulant medicines help in the improvement of the symptoms at about 70% of the people suffering from Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder. Human beings tend to have a quick and remarkable improvement in their behaviors.
ADHD signs and symptoms’ usually appear before a child turns seven. However, it might be difficult to differentiate between attention shortfall disorder and a normal child’s behavior. In a situation where one spots the few signs and symptoms, then it might not be AD/ADHD.
The effects of the ADHD medications can be divided into various ways thus the; Adderall side effects, concerta Side effects, Ritalin side effects, and the strattera side effects. The Adderail side effects involve, restlessness, anxiety, dizziness, insomnia, drying of the mouth causing mouth un comfort, constipation and a times running of the stomach and impotence (Wender, 2010). The Concerta side effects involve; headache, pain in the stomach, lack of sleep, and lack of appetite. Human beings, also suffer from, nausea, dizziness, tics, allergies which can either affect the skin or the bones, and high blood pressure. Some patients tend to suffer from abnormal thinking. The abnormal thinking involves excessive thinking and hallucinating.
The effects associated with Ritalin include; nervousness and insomnia. These side effects can be controlled by reduction of dosage and refraining from the drugs in the evening. Other reactions of the medication include skin rashes, urticaria, erythema multiforme, fever, arthralgia, exfoliative dermatitis and thrombocytopenic purpura, headache, drowsiness, high blood pressure, headache, anorexia, palpitations and angina (Wender, 2010). An individual is bound to experience abdominal pains, weight loss which occurs after a prolonged therapy, allergies; thus the skin rashes, joint pains caused by the drug fever and hives, Dizziness and forceful heart palpitation though it is infrequent in some cases. The strattera side effects are; stomach upsets whereby individuals suffer from diarrhea and stomach complications, loss of appetite, vomiting, nausea, and dizziness. Some people tend to have mood swings, which greatly affect them. In some few cases, the strattera might cause allergic reactions like swelling and hives, which can end up being serious if not treated. In these cases, the child should stop taking strattera. In case the disorder persists, doctors should be contacted (Wender, 2010).
Not all consumers of ADHD medications have the side effects, and incase it occurs, the side effects are short lived and diminish during the first few months of treatment. Different studies shows the side effects of ADHD medication were found to crop up at approximately 4 to 10 percent of the treated individuals (Wender, 2010). To add on the mild to modest side effects, there are worries about slow in growth in cases where there has been a continuous ADHD usage over many years. There is a big difference over time, between the patients who are treated with stimulants plus the control groups who were found to be minimal in situation of occurrence.
Different people on the Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder medication feel different about themselves; most of them feel their personality is inhibited. These effects can be a challenging psychological effect to the children thus depending on how the parents address them.
Some people are bound to have daytime appetite suppression. For children, they might have insomnia thus sleeping problem (Wender, 2010). The sleeping issue among the children with ADHD is a common occurrence. In many cases, the stimulant medication influences the sleep. This can be because of restlessness that comes along with ADHD habit (Wender, 2010). In a situation where one finds his child to have a difficulty in sleeping because of the medication, it is better to consult a doctor about earlier drug administration or stopping the drug usage to the child. The person is always advised to ensure a good sleep routine by making the sleeping time special. Settling down for about an hour before bedtime helps in achieving that (O’Dell, 2009). Engaging in quiet activities before going to bed is helpful. It is always hard to transition from playing a challenging game like a fast computer game to going to the bed. In this case, the affected child can do a little reading or simple puzzle before retiring to bed. A bedtime routine is advised meaning, the child can use the bathroom, washing of hands and brushing of teeth, pajamas wearing , soothing music is ideal, and a polite good night to the parents (O’Dell, 2009). The child should go to the bed at the same time each day and a regular wake up time in the morning. Some children are bound to have nervous tics and funny behaviors.
Reverence
Lougy, R. A., DeRuvo, S. L., & Rosenthal, D. K. (2009). Teaching young children with ADHD: Successful strategies and practical interventions for preK-3. Thousand Oaks, Calif: Corwin Press.
Lougy, R. A., & Rosenthal, D. K. (2009). ADHD: A survival guide for parents and teachers. Duarte, CA: Hope Press.
O’Dell, N., Cook, P. A., & O’Dell, N. (2009). Stopping ADHD: A unique and proven drug-free program for treating ADHD in children and adults. New York: Avery.
Wender, P. H. (2010). ADHD: Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder in children and adults. New York: Oxford University Press.
