Organizational Communication Theories
Three main elements of a Theory
The three main elements of the organizations communication theory are the source, message and the receiver. The source is the information which produces a message that needs to be conveyed to the receiver of the message. The message is the communication, information or the statement that is either recorded, visual or verbal form. The receiver is the one that transmits the information from the source and reconstruct the message from it.
The symbolic Interaction theory critique using the seven ways of theory judgment
The symbolic Interaction theory by Hebert Mead is the theory that is related to the social interactions and the symbols. The importance of this theory is quite unappreciated. The sociologist ‘Herbert Mead’ dealt with the importance and the great issues of intellectual evolution and science. One of the important concept used by Mead was the introduction a gestures in conversation. He termed this as the process of interaction. His ideas were recognized as that of the utmost value. This theory explains that the understanding of human beings of themselves and their position is important in the act of communication with each other. Herbert was social psychologists and was the main founder of the symbolic interaction theory. The brief discussion of Mead’s theory is linked with gesture communication as he focused on the philosophical and the scientific notions of his work. The basis of explaining the association of human beings is because of the theory of gestural communication and symbolic interaction. He presented in this theory that the complete socialization process related to the communication of human beings is mainly linked with that of symbolic interaction.
With the help of this theory he was able to figure out the cooperative behavior of human beings and the important matter of group life. This is the basis of the foundation of communication. In order to know how this cooperation is initiated with the group, one must need to recognize the meaning of gestures and relating them. Therefore, the symbols and gestures are the basis for the interaction between human beings.
Communication theory of Symbolic Interaction
This theory was founded by the social psychologist named ‘George Herbert mead’. He developed this theory is the earlier 20th century. In his theory, he has shown us a world inhabited by the major part that is constructed socially. He has presented the specific meaning of events, behavior and objects that are linked with the interaction of people. He has given the interactions from one group and sys that it varies to that of the other group. The three main elements of this theory are the self, the symbol and the interaction.
Three main elements of a Symbolic Interaction theory
In the element of symbols we can assume that the meaning is placed in the objects in the world linked individually. These meanings determine the behavior of each individual. Herbert claims that the actions of other individuals and to make sense of the world around us these symbols must be shared. It means that these symbols play a vital role in communication and interaction to make sense of what other person is trying to say. According to Mead, ‘the whole world is made up of symbols that human beings created to interact and give meaning to society order’.
The second element is that of self. In the society, the persons are termed as ‘actors’. Mead believes that human beings assert themselves with the help of social processes through social construction. In this way they internalize and interact with each other and perceive things around them. The notion of self for them is referred as ‘I’ and to that of the others is perceived to us is ‘me’. The interpretation process of communication to give meaning is started with ‘role taking’. He means that this whole process of role taking by individuals help develop the concept of ‘Self’.
The third symbol is ‘interaction’. According to mead, it is not possible to interact unless the persons are not aware of the intentions of others. The role taking process helps to involve one individual to take another’s role. This can be done by placing imaginatively themselves in the position of the other person with whom they are communicating.
Communication theory of Expectancy Violation
The Expectancy violation theory is also referred to as ‘EVT; is the theory that attempt to explains an individual’s reaction to the different meanings, unexpected behavior and the attribution of that person to the infringement or violation. This theory was given by ‘Judee Burgoon’ and she defined this as the personal space as the variable space volume, invisible that an individuals is surrounded by. It means that the individual is defined by surrounding himself with an invisible space and this space is known as personal space. Judee Burgoon had presented this theory in the year 1978. She and her number of associates studied various influence of the nonverbal messages and communication. Originally this theory was called as nonverbal theory of expectancy violations. Later, the nonverbal word was eliminated from the theory because this theory is not only about nonverbal communication. It is one of those foremost theories that indemnities the nonverbal communication influence on behavior.
Three main elements of a Expectancy Violations theory
She defined the concept of personal space and explains that people preferred distance from other people because of this invisible volume of space. The shape and size of an individual’s personal space depends on the person’s preference and cultural values. In other words, Burgoon concluded this theory with the help of numerous experiments. In those experiments she evaluated the communication with other people in a positive and negative regard. She did this on the basis of their interaction expectancy and the communicator’s opinion. The three elements defined in this theory are; one is personal space, second is the cultural differences and the third is the volume of the personal space.
Expectancy Violation Theory critique using the seven ways of theory judgment
The Expectancy violations theory is one of the few communication theories that focus on the nonverbal communication. The critique using the seven ways of theory judgment is that it only shows the importance of nonverbal messages. The information processed in this theory is linked distinctively with the essential concepts. EVT also comprehends and grasp the effect of conversational distances and the expectation effects. On the other hand, the theory shows ‘comfortable’ personal space in which we are surrounded by distances from other people. Burgoon called these distances as ‘proxemics. It means that when there is a feeling of personal interaction then the psychological and physical discomfort now created is the threat threshold. Another criticism is that this theory only explains the information exchange in a content that is logical and disrupts the anticipation of another. The exchanging perception maybe positively and negatively affection and is termed as the violation valence. In this theory, the common interest’s level between two individuals can also impact the communication outcome.
